At some fundamental level, sleep-related behaviors and sleep problems in children represent a complex interpolation of biological, psychologic/developmental/environmental, and social influences, the relative contributions of which are oftentimes difficult, if not impossible, to separate out. Biological determinants of sleep, including sleep homeostatic mechanisms and chronobiological principles,1,2 and the ways in which culture and biology interact both play a major role in the establishment of sleep patterns.3,4
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